Cakali
cintu cikatazya kutaanguna kwaamba eelyo muntu umwi walo naakajana cintu cimwi. Kwakali tukomwekomwe twakalaalabene, katubumbilidwe tombe abulongo bwamisela
yamyaka minjaanji, zyoonse eezyo tiizyakali kuubaubya mulimo wakufwambaana
kuyubununa cakasisidwe pe. Ooyu muntu Uufumba migonti munyika, nokuba
boobo, wakakkazyika camba. Wakabolyonga mubulongo, kabwezelela kabotu
kabotu kabeela kali koonse nkaakali kukonzya kuzwezya,
akukabambilila, kukayobola kusikila kukabeela kasyoonto mbuli kadonsi
aako nkaakazwezya. Eelyo naakamanizya kusya kusikila toonse
tupandupandu twakaceede ansi nitwakavwukkwidwe, ndendilyo eelyo
mulimo mupati wini wakuswaanganya zibeela eezyo antoomwe niwakatalika
ncobeni.

Kabambilila
kupukuta kabotu kabotu cabusungu itombe lyakali atubeelabeela, ooyu
sikufumba mugonti, wakasalazya, akucita mulimo wakubambulula
akujokolosya kabeela komwe komwe mbukakeelede kulibonya. Mpoonya
naakamanizya boobo, wakatalika kuswaanganya akusekkelela zyoonse
antoomwe kunembo lyakwe. Kasyonkelela kabeela komwe komwe aawa
awaalya, wakasoleka kujana nzila yakubamba cintu ceebeka akulangika
kabotu kuzwa kuzikomwekomwe eezyi; mpoonya kwakatalika kuyaa
kulibonya cintu cilibotela naakali kuyaa buswaanganya tubeela ooto.
Ma! Bulondo bwakubumba cintu ceebeka boobo, bwakatalika kulibonya;
kwakalibonya mabazu aakasyinguludwe akubumbililwa atalaa musemo ooyo
wakali kulibonyaanga wakali suumbene cakuti tiiwakali kukonzya
kwiimikizya cibumbwa eeco.

Kumamanino,
makanze aakwe aakubambilila kabotu kabotu, akajana bulumbu. Bunkutwe
bwakwe akuyuma kubeleka, kwakasandula zibeela zyakakomookede kuti
zyibe nsuwa yeebeka, eeyi nsuwa yakali imwi akataa zyeezyo zyamusyobo
ooyo zyatakaninga janidwe munyika.

Boonse
aabo bayandaula kasimpe abalo beelede kuba bantu bafumba akubbilila
kuya ansi. Bulongo atombe lyaziyanza azilengwa zyabantu, abusofwaazi
bwakoofwaala mukukomba mituni, bwakavwukkila tusimpe tulibotela twa
Kujulu tunjaanji. Kuti twapukuta akukukwida kumbali kulubizya koonse
ooko, cituyubunwida kasimpe, akutujokolosyela bulemu oobo bweelede
kukasimpe aako, alimwi ncintu ciyandisya bulondo, akubambilila kapati
kokkazyikide camba kucita mulimo ooyo. Umwi mulazyo wabaabo boonse
bayandaula kasimpe ngwakuti, lyoonse beelede kubikka mumizeezo yabo
kuti kasimpe takakonzyi kulileba pe. Kuti naa kampango ka Mangwalo
kamwi kalibonyaanga takeendelani akampango kamwi, ooku nkutambwa
kubantu aabo kwaamba kuti: Kodibaulisya kuya ansi aawa!
Kucili kasimpe kaciyandika kuyubununwa aako kakonzya kweendelana
atusimpe twakalibonya akuzyibwa kale.

Cimwi
cibaka ca Mangwalo eeco cakazinga basikwiiya ba Bbaibbele, ntwaambo
tujanwa mumabbuku aa Mateyo, Maako a Luuka ooto tulibonyaanga
tatweendelani atwaambo tugaminina kwaambwa munzila iisalala mubbuku
lya Johani. Basicikolo banjaanji baamba kuti mubbuku lya Mateyo,
Maako a Luuka kuli ‘Milumbe’ iikonzyana nkaambo eeyo milumbe
ijisi makani aayendelana mubweende bwazyintu zyipedwe mumo. Pele
mubbuku lyane, lyokwa Johani, kuli kwiimpana mubweende bwazyintu
zyaambwa oomo.

Kunyina
akumbi pe ooko nkocilibonya kwiimpana kwiinda mumalembe aaPasika
aaciliko mazubaano. Milumbe mibotu iili mumabbuku otatwe aayo, yoonse
ilangikaanga ilazuminana kuti buzuba bomwe oobo mbobuzuba bwa Pasika,
pele oobo buzuba buliimpene aboobo bujanwa mumulumbe wabbuku
lya Johani.

Mubwini,
kwiina aawa cilibonyaanga cilisalalide pe. Pele, kasimpe kunyina
pe nokakonzya kulileba keni! Masimpe kuti mubuumi oobu mibuzyo
yoonse tiikonzyi kwiingulwa pe. Yahuwah kunyina nagwisya zyoonse
zyitupa kudonaika nkaambo walo ubikkide mpindu kapati mulwaanguluko
lwamuntu. Walo kunyina pe nasinikizya bantu kuti basyome kuti
kabatayandi kusyoma. Aboobo, lyoonse anooliko mabbuku oomo
mobanoosimpila kudonaika aabo batayandi kusyoma. Muziindi eezyo,
mulimo wamuntu uusyoma kuti abelesye lusyomo lwakwe muli Yooyo
uutabeji. Mbutwaamba boobo, kuti twavwuntaulisya bumboni boonse
bupedwe, inga twalijanina kuti mulumbe mubotu uleendelana mumabbuku
woonse aambwa mu Bbaibbele atalaawa. Bbuku lyomwe lyomwe lilaa
zyibeela zyamulumbe mubotu, eezyo kuti zyateelelwa kabotu, zyiyubununa
kuti kunyina kwiimpana pe.

Ntootu
tumpango twakazambaila mizeezo yabantu:

Mateyo
26:17 – ” Lino mubuzuba butaanzi bwa
pobwe lyacinkwa citakwe mimena basikwiiya bakeza kuli . . .
[Yahushua], kabaamba kuli nguwe kuti, “Nkukuli ooko webo nkoyanda
kuti tukakubambile kutegwa webo ukalye Pasika?”  (KJV¹)

Maako
14:1 – “Mumazuba obile kwakali kuyooba pobwe lya
pasika, alimwi acinkwa citakwe mimena: alimwi bapaizi bapati abalembi
bakayandaula nzila yakuti bamujate cakusisikizya abumpelenge, kutegwa
bamujaye..”

Luuka
22:7 – “Mpoonya bwakasika buzuba bwa cinkwa citakwe
mimena, eelyo pasika niwaali kuyasilwa.”

Aawa
kuzingwa mizeezo kuboolela kuzwa mutumpango tulaatala aawa eelyo
notweezyekwa azyilembedwe mubbuku lya Johani oomo mwaamba caacitika
mumulalilo wamamanino muli Johani 13: “Lino kalitaninga sika pobwe
lya pasika, eelyo . . . [Yahushua] wakalizyi kuti woola lyakwe
lyasika lyakuti ayaamuke kuzwa munyika eeyi, kuya kuli Taata,
kabayandide bakwe aabo bakali munyika, walo wakabayanda kusikila
kumamanino.”  (Johani13:1)

Oomu,
mbeenya mbuli mutumpango atumwi twa Bbaibbele tukopa, Mangwalo
alipede kale bwiinguzi. Mulawo ookwa Mozesi, ooyo Uupa-Mulawo,
Yahushua, ngwaakali kubamba cabulondo, ulasalazya kutondezya
ziindi zya Pasika a Pobwe lya Cinkwa citakwe Mimena.

Mubuzuba
bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi mutaanzi kumangolezya ngu . . . pasika ookwa
[Yahuwah]. Alimwi mubuzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi ngweenya ooyu
ndipobwe lyacinkwa citakwe mimena kuli . . . [Yahuwah] mazuba aali
ciloba mweelede kulya cinkwa citakwe mimena. Mubuzuba butaanzi nywebo
mweelede kubaa muswaangano uusetekene: tamweelede kucita mulimo uli
woonse mubuzuba oobo pe.  (Bapaizi / BaLevi 23:5-7)

Aaka
kampango kalasalazya kutondezya mazuba obile aamapobwe aandeene
obile:

• Pasika
  muli bwa Abibu 14

• Buzuba
  butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena muli bwa Abibu 15

Johani
13 waamba buyo kuti: “Lino kalitaninga sika pobwe lya pasika . . .
Aawa mpaalibonya kwiimpana amazuba aapedwe mubbuku lya Bapaizi!

• Mateyo: Lino mubuzuba butaanzi bwapobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena
  basikwiiya bakeza kuli Yahushua.

• Maako: Mumazuba obile kwakali kuyooba pobwe lya Pasika, alya Cinkwa
  Citakwe Bumena.

• Luuka: Mpoonya buzuba bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena bwakasika, eelyo Pasika
  niwakeelede kuyasilwa..

Eelyo
nokubunganyigwa tubeelabeela twiindene twa Mangwalo, mazuba aapedwe
aa Pasika a Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena mbuli mbwaalembedwe mu BaLevi 23
ayelede kubambwa mbweenya mbwaalembedwe. Aaya ngamazuba ‘aakobelela’
akulesya kuzingwa mizeezo. Taakonzyi kutonkelwa ambali pe. Aboobo,
kweelede kupegwa busanduluzi bumwi ncokulibonya aanga mabbuku amwi
abikkide antoomwe buzuba bwa Pasika abuzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa
Citakwe bumena mubuzuba bomwe. 

Kaambo
kataanzi keelede kulangisyigwa nkakuti mabbuku aaMateyo 26:17 aMaako
14:1 akayungizyilwa mabala mukusandulula Mangwalo kuya mumulaka wa
Cikuwa aayo mabala aatajanwi mumalembe mataanzi. Aaya mabala
aacengeme ansi lyawaawa ngamabala aayo basanduluzi ngibaayungizya
kutumpango tulembedwe mumabbuku aayo:

• “Linomubuzuba butaanzi bwa pobwe lyacinkwa citakwe bumena
  basikwiiya bakaboola . . . .” (Mateyo 26:17)

• “Mumazuba
  obile kwakali kuyooba pobwe lya pasika, alya cinkwa citakwe
  bumena . . . .”  (Maako 14:1)

Kakunyina
majwi aambi, Mateyo waamba buyo kuti: “Lino butaanzi bwacinkwa
citakwe mimena basikwiiya bakaboola . . .” Kuyungizya mabala
aasiidwe mukaambo aako, Maako waamba kuti: “Mumazuba obile wakali
pasika, alimwi abwacinkwa citakwe bumena . . . .”

Mukampango
kazwa mubbuku lya Mateyo, ibbala lya “butaanzi” lizyila kubbala
lya πρώτος (prōtŏs) eelyo lyaamba kuti “cakutaanguna
(muciindi, mumundando nokuba mukuyandika).” ² Lilakonzya
akwaamba kuti “matalikilo” akuti “ciinda kubota” pele
lilakonzya akusandululwa munzila iiluleme kuti “kakutaninga”.
Eelyo bbala lya πρώτος (prōtŏs) nolisandululwa kuti
“kalitaninga ” Mateyo 26:17 waamba kuti: “Linokalitaninga sika lyacinkwa citakwe bumena basikwiiya bakaboola
. . .” Eeci cilazuminana a Johani 13:1: Lino kalitaninga sika pobwe
lyapasika . . .”

Maako
weelede kulangisyigwa nkaambo eeco citobela mpeenya aawo, makani
aakunanikwa kwa Yahushua ku Betani ciindi capobwe kuŋanda ya
Saimoni. Cintu citaanzi nokuba boobo, kweeledwe kumvwisyisya ncobeni
nzila bana ba Isilayeli mbubaali kubelesya majwi amwi, kapati
aajatikizya “Pasika” amajwi “aacinkwa citakwe bumena.” Eeci
ncecitupa cibeela citobela kutupandulwida makani aaya mu Mangwalo.

Kubala
Zyaatola busena mumvwiki ya Kukankaminwa . . . cituyubunwida kasimpe
kakuti majwi aakuti C[izuminano] C[ipya] τά ἄζυμα (“cinkwa
citakwe bumena”), . . . alalibonya ziindi zikubwene mumulumbe
mubotu aawo mpokwaambwa ciindi ca pasika. Aaya majwi taali mabala
aatwaambyo; pele, boonse bobile Maako a Luuka bakalaamvwisyide
aciindi nibaali kulemba Mangwalo, mazina aamapobwe τò πάνοχα
a τά ἄζυμα akali kucincana kubelesyegwa.³  
Nokuba boobo, ibbala lyabili litobela majwi aaya lilibonya kuti Luuka
ndyaakali kuyandisya kapati eelyo naakali kwaamba ciindi ca pasika,⁴
aMateyo awalo.⁵   Josephus awalo ulitondezyede
mbwaakali kucincauzyigwa mabala aaya kubelesyegwa mumazuba ngaakali
kupona.⁶ Awalo wiita buzuba “bwakkumi abwane” kuti
“buzuba bwa cinkwa citakwe bumena.”^7,8

Mulaka
wabantu ulacinculuka ziindi zinjaanji kwiinda nzila yomwe. Mbweenya
buyo abbala lyakuti “Kkilisimasi” mbolyaambilizya Nalupale 25,
lilaambilizya aciindi eeco cili munsaa buzuba oobo, ciindi camwaka
nanka camwezi wa Nalupale. Kusikila kuciindi ca Mesiya, majwi aa
“cinkwa citakwe bumena” a “Pasika” akatalikide kale
kwiiminina mabala aambilizya mvwiki yoonse, kutalikila mubuzuba bwa
Pasika (Abibu 14) kuya kumbele mumazuba aali ciloba aapobwe lya
Cinkwa citakwe Bumena eelyo lyakali kutalikila muli bwa Abibu 15.  

Balembi
bobile balaa mpuwo bamusela mutaanzi A.D, balacincauzya kubelesya
bbala lya “Pasika” abbala lya “Pobwe lya Cinkwa citakwe Bumena”
mukwaamba ciindi ca Pasika; zimwi ziindi kababelesya “Pasika”
mukwaamba pobwe lyoonse amazuba aandilyo antoomwe. Aaba balembi
mbaa Philo waku Alexandria (20 BC – AD 50) a Josephus (AD 37 – circa
AD 100). 

Kutegwa
twaambo tujatikizya pasika twabalembi bamusela mutaanzi tuteelelwe,
ncintu ciyandika kuti mazina aamapobwe aabo kaalembedwe
akusandululwa. Aaya mabala amajwi ali mumulaka uutazyibidwe,
alimwiinga kaayiminina cintu ciimpene aceeco caambwa mumulaka
wakusandulula mu Cikuwa. Ngooyu mukonzyanyo mabala aaci Giliki πάσχα, nokuba ϕάσκα mbuli mbwaajanwa ziindi zimwi, alilembedwe ziindi zili
kkumi azyibili muli Josephus. Iswe twaasandulula kuti pasika, ooyo
waamba ziindi zinjaanji kuti mulalilo wa pasika.  Pele cintu cakali kujanwa ziindi zinjaanji , a Josephus, eelyo bbala
lilacincauzyigwa abbala lyaamba pobwe lyamazuba aali lusele lya pobwe
lyacinkwa citakwe bumena, pele ziindi zyotatwe buyo nolyaamba
cigaminina buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa Nisani 14 [Abibu], kakuli
ziindi zyotatwe lyaamba buyo mwanaambelele wa pasika.  Alimwi
takunajenwe ciindi aawo bbala eeli πάσχα mpoliiminina buyo
mulalilo luzutu, nokuba kuti lilaambilizya cituuzyo capasika
amulalilo antoomwe. Muli Josephus, kuli ziindi zyili makumi obile
azyosanwe nolyaambilizya kutuuzya pasika.⁹ 

Ngooyu
mukonzyanyo oomo Josephus mwaakacincauzya kubelesya bbala lya
“Pasika” alya “Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena” mumalembe
aakwe aankondo (Wars II.I.1-3 oomo mwaamba kuti:

Alimwi
lino pobwe lya cinkwa citakwe bumena lyakali sikide kale, eelyo
liitwa kuti (pascha) [Pasika] aba Juuda, eelyo liletelezya milwi
milwi yazipaziyo amakunga aabantu, kujanza limwi, kabalongomoka kuzwa
muminzi kuboolela pobwe eelyo, kakuli kujanza alimwi, aabo bakali
kulilaukila basilisi kabaimvwi mutempele akubunganya bantu kuti
basangane nkamu yabo.¹⁰

Mukampango
aaka, Josephus wakali kutondezya kuzanga kwa banaIsilayeli ooko
kwakacitika muli bwa Abibu 14, Pasika, kalwiindide lufu lwa Helodi
Mupati.  Wakayungizya kwaamba kuti “ipobwe lyacinkwa citakwe
bumena “lyakali sikide kale” akuya kumbele kupandulula
kuti eelyo pobwe lwalyo lyakali kwiitwa kuti “pasika / Pobwe Iya Kwiindilila”
abana baIsilayeli.  Mbombubo mbweenya oobu mbolibelesyegwa mwalo
mumulumbe mubotu eeli bbala.

Ncintu
cisalala kuli Josephus kuti aaya mabala akali kucincauzyigwa
mukwaamba zibeela zyobile zyapobwe alimwi akasikila waawo
mpaabelesyegwa cakuti tiikwakacili kuzyibika kuti ncicili caambwa
aawo. Nkaambo Josephus wakali kwaamba ciindi camazuba aali lusele
aciindi cimwi kuti ndi Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena alimwi
muziindi zimwi wakali kubelesya bbala lya (Pasika) mucibaka ca Pobwe
lya Cinkwa Citakwe Bumena nokuba mukwaamba ciindi coonse capobwe
eelyo kuti nciindi ca Pasika . . . eeci citondezya kuti, nkanjikanji
kwakacinyina kwiimpanya akataa Pasika a Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe
Bumena alimwi kuti buzuba bwa Nisani 14 bwakali swaanganyidwe
kuciindi capobwe eelyo.¹¹

Kaambo
keni aaya mabala ncaakali kucincauzyigwa nkakuti cinkwa citakwe
bumena cakali kulidilizyigwa amupobwe lya Pasika alimwi kuleka
buyo mumazuba aali ciloba aatobela Pasika.  “Mabala
aakuti τά ἄζυμα [cinkwa citakwe bumena] kakunyina kudonaika
kuti akazyilide kuciyanza ca C[izuminao C[akale] , eeco cakabikkide
milawo yakuti cinkwa citakwe bumena ceelede kuligwa amwanaambelele
uyookedwe mubuzuba bwa kkumi abwane bwamwezi waba Juuda.”¹²
  Mimena yakali gwisyidwe mumaanda mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane,
alimwi Pobwe lya Pasika mangolezya aayo lyakali kuligwa acinkwa
citakwe mimena. 

Cintu
cikatazya kumvwisya mutwaambo ootu cizyila mukweezyeezya kuti bbala
lyokwa Philo a Josephus lyakuti πάσχα [pasika/Pobwe lya
Kwiindilila] lyoonse liiminina kusekelela kwabuzuba bwa 14 Nisani
[Abibu].  Pele kwiimpanya ali ceeci, mbuli mbokwaambwa kale,
eeli bbala liiminina pobwe lyoonse lya cinkwa citakwe bumena. Alimwi
kunyina pe ceelede kwaambwa kuti ncoliiminna kuleka buyo eeco
cilembedwe.¹³

Lino
mbotwamvwisyisya kuti bbala lya “Pasika” alya “cinkwa citakwe
bumena” lyakali kucincauzyigwa kwaamba pobwe aciindi capobwe eelyo
coonse, alimwi akwaambilizya mazuba aali mukati kapobwe eelyo, lino
nceciindi cakuti tulange alimwi kuli Maako 14:1 atumpango tutobela
waawo:

Lino
kwakasyeede mazuba obilo kuti lisike Pobwe lya Kwiindilila aPobwe lya
Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena. Basilutwe babapaizi abalembi bakali kuyandaula
nzila yakuti bamujate cabucenjezu akumujaya. Pele bakalibilika
kabaamba kuti: Ikutali muciindi ca Pobwe nkaambo inga bantu
kabayooleta manyongwe. Mpoonya naakali ku Betaniya muŋanda yokwa
Simoni sicinsenda, kakkede oomo kalya, kwakaboola mukaintu wakajisi
nsazi yamafuta aanunkilila alimwi aadula kapati, aayo mafuta aaitwa
kuti nado; wakajalula nsazi akutalika kutila mafuta aayo amutwe ookwa
Yahushua (Maako 14:1-3)

Aawa
kuli kaambo keni aaka kampango ncokamvwikaanga kaliimpene akaako kali
mubbuku lya Johani:

Mpoonya
. . . kakusyeede mazuba aali cisambomwe kuti litalike Pobwe lya
Kwiindilila, [Yahushua] wakaboola ku Betaniya, ooko kwakali kukkala
Lazalosi ooyo ngwaakabusya kuzwa kubafu.

Mpoonya bakamubambila cakulya cakulalila; alimwi Maata
nguwakamusomba cakulya: awalo Lazalosi wakali umwi akati kabaabo
bakakkede kutebule anguwe.  Mpoonya Maliya wakabweza mafuta
aanunkilila aakkwana cisela calita lyomwe, lya nado iini-ini
iidulisya, eelyo wakananika maulu ookwa Yahushua akwaapukuta amasusu
aakwe. Iŋanda yoonse yakazulila kununkilila mafuta aayo. 
(Johani 12:1-3)

Kwiina
ciindi ceelede kusoogwa kuzwanganina makani aayimpene kuti mpaali
eeni aawo Maliya mpaakatila mafuta aayo : Maako waamba kuti mpaatalaa
mutwe ookwa Yahushua; Johani waamba kuti nkuumaulu Aakwe.  Naba
musilikani uuvwuntauzya twaambo ulizyi kuti bantu balangilizya cintu
kacicitika abalo balaamba zintu ziindene nkaambo umwi waamba kuti
kuli cintu comwe ncaakabona ciimpene acaumwi ncaakali kulanga,
aboobo, boonse nzyobaamba inga kazyili masimpe.  Bwiinguzi
buubauba aawa mbwakuti Maliya wakatila mafuta kumaulu aatalaa mutwe
wa Mufutuli.

Pele
kaambo keni kalibonya aanga kali ali ceeco ncaakaamba Maako kuti
Pasika wakali kuyooba kakusyeede mazuba OBILE kakuli Johani waamba
kuti Yahushua wakaboola ku Betaniya kakusyeede mazuba aali CISAMBOMWE
kuti utalike Pasika. Kukosozya kaambo mutwaambo ootu tulibonyaanga
tuliimpene, ncintu ciyandika kubweza Mangwalo mbweenya
mbwaalembedwe alimwi kuleka kuyungizya cili coonse citali
mumoomo.

Ncintu
cuubauba kumwantukila kukososzya makani aayo aatali mumangwalo . . .
“kukosozya kaambo nkotutakonzyi kweeleba.” Ootu twaambo
tujatikizya dolopo lyaku Betaniya ntotwaambo tuli mumakani aawa. Hena
Johani waamba kuti kunanika mafuta kwaatola busena kakusyeede mazuba
cisambomwe kuti litalike pobwe lya Pasika? Nee peepe! Cilembedwe
caamba kuti, “mazuba aali cisambomwe kuutaninga sika Pasika
[Yahushua] WAKABOOLA KU Betaniya”(Johani 12:1). Mpoonya kumbele
lyakaambo aaka, makani aakunanikwa alajuzyigwa muci Giliki abbala lyaoun eelyo liiminina kuti “mpoonya, aboobo, mbweenya oobo,
kutobela waawo, mbuzyakali boobo zyintu” (Thayer). Oun
ndibbala lyaamba buyo kuti kucili cintu cakatobela aawo eeco Johani
ncayanda kutwaambila. Talyaambi kuti mpoonaawo wakalya mulalilo ooyo
ngwaakasombwa buzuba mbweenya oobo [Yahushua] naakaboola ku
Betaniya.¹⁴ Pele mukwiimpanya boobo, Maako utupandulwida
zyaatola busena . Aciindi eelyo “nikwakasyeede mazuba obile
kusikila bwa Pasika” (Maako 14:1a), basilutwe ba baJuuda
bakapangana kuti bamujaye [Yahushua] (Maako 14:1b). Eeci cakatola
busena eelyo [Yahushua] “naakali ku Betaniya muŋanda yokwa Simoni
sicinsenda” (Maako 14:3). Eeci citwaambila kuti kunanikwa mafuta
ooko kwaatola busena mazuba obile kuutaninga sika Pasika,
alimwi[Yahushua] wakaboola ku Betaniya kakusyeede mazuba aali
cisambomwe kuti lisike pobwe lya Pasika (naa mazuba one kusikila
akunanikwa).

Aboobo,
makani aali muli Johani taayimpene a makani aali mubbuku lya Maako.
Pele kutegwa tumvwisyisye mbwaazuminana makani aaya akataa bbuku lya
Johani alyokwa Maako mukaambo aaka, ncintu ciyandika kuti
tucengulukile ku Mangwalo akulanga waawo aakataangunwa kulembwa
makanaa Pasika. Mbuli mbukwatondezyegwa kale, mabala aa “Pasika”
a “Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena” akali kubelesyegwa kwaamba ciindi
coonse lisekelelwa pobwe lya pasika. Pele cintu ciindwa ambali,
ncakuti eeco “ciindi” tiicakali kutalika pele kusikila muli
bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi, pele muli bwakkumi kwakali mulimo
wakulibambila wakali kucitwa.

Lino Mwami Yahuwah wakati kuli
Mozesi a Aloni mu Ijipiti, “Ooyu mwezi uyooba ngomwezi wanu
mutaanzi mumwaka.” Amwaambile bantu Baisilayeli boonse kuti,
“Mubuzuba bwakkumi bwamwezi uuno, umwi aumwi muntu uleelede
kusalila mukwasyi wakwe kabelele. Mumukwasyi omwe-omwe kabelele
komwe. Kabelele aako kaleelede kuti kakanyina kampenda, kagutu
kamwaka omwe. Kalakonzya kuba kabelele naa kapongo. Mukabambilile
kabelele aaka kusikila mubuzuba bwakkumi abwane bwamwezi ooyu,
ndendilyo buleya boonse bwa Isilayeli nibuyoojaya tubelele twabo
kumangolezya. (Langa
Kulonga 12:1-3, 5, 6.)

Buzuba
bwakkumi bwamwezi mutaanzi mbobwakali buzuba mukwasyi omwe omwe
niwakeelede kulisalila kabelele kagutu nokaba kajembwe kana kuti
kakabe cituuzyo cakupaizya. Mbuli cinkonzya ca Mufutuli, aako
kabelele kakeelede kubula kampenda nokuba kabata kali koonse. 
Ootu tunyama twakali kubambililwa akuletwa mumaanda, kusanzyigwa
akusaninwa. Eelyo eeci nicaali kucitwa boobo, mukwasyi woonse wakali
kutalika kuyandisya akumvwana akanyama aaka kayandwa boobu. Aboobo,
eelyo aaka kanyama nikaayasilwa, cakali kuba cintu cilemu mukati
kamukwasyi nkaambo cakali cinkonzya ca Mwanaambelele ookwa Yahuwah
ooyo wakali kuyooyasilwa zinyonyoono zyanyika.

Kumvwisyisya
kuti bbala lya “Pasika” lyakali kwiiminina zinjaanji kwiinda buyo
kwaambilizya buzuba bumwi bwa Abibu 14, bamwi basikwiiya bakasoleka
kulombozya kuti oobo buzuba eelyo Yahushua naakananikwa, mubwini
bwakali buzuba bwakkumi bwamwezi – buzuba bwini oobo tunyama
twakuyasila cituuzyo nitwaali kusalwa. Katwiibaluka kuti ba Hebulayo
bakali kubalila mazuba aabo munzila yakusanganya, kuleka nzila yakugwisyila mazuba mbuli mbokucitwa mazubaano, ciindi ca
pobwe lyakali Mufutuli kuŋanda yokwa Saimoni cakali ciindi ceelela
kuti cakali ciindi cabuzuba bwakkumi bwamwezi.

Mumajwi
aakwe Mufutuli ulibonya kuti Walo wakalizyi cakali kwaambilizya
makani aali mumucito wa Maliya mukumunanika mafuta: Eelyo basikwiiya
nibakatalika kunonga bwaabi bwa Maliya, Yahushua wakati kuli mbabo:
“Amumuleke. Nkaambo nzi ncomumukatazyila? Wandijatila mulimo mubotu
Ime.” (Maako 14:6, NKJV) Mpoonya, wakaambilizya lufu Lwakwe lwakali
kuswena kakusyeede mazuba one, Wakayungizya kuti:

Nkaambo
munooli limwi abacete lyoonse munsi lyenu, alimwi kufumbwa nomuyanda
inga kamubacitila zibotu lyoonse; pele Ime nsyenooli akati kenu
lyoonse pe. Walo wandicitila ncaali kukonzya kundicitila. Wacita mbwaali kukonzya kuti ananike mubili Wangu kuubambila kuti
ukazikkwe kabotu.”  (Maako 14:7, 8, NKJV) 

Eelyo
pobwe, mubwini, lyakali mulalilo ooyo mufalisi uuvwubide wazyina lya
Saimoni, ndyaakabambila “kulumba” Mufutuli. Yahushua wakaponya
Saimoni kuzwa kucinsenda (langa Maako
14:3 ) alimwi mubulumbu bwakwe kukuponyegwa
ooko, Saimoni wakatamba Mufutuli, abasikwiiya Bakwe a Lazalosi kuti
balalile antoomwe zintu zinona zyakulya kulilekela. Mwanaa Saimoni
musankwa, awalo wakali umwi akataa basikwiiya bali kkumi ababili
aabo. Ooyu ngo sikwiiya, walo mubupaale bwaŋanda yokwabo,
wakataanguna kunonga bwaabi bwa Maliya nkaambo kakupa cipego
cilibotela boobu ku Mufutuli, mukucita boobo wakali kufubaazya
Mufutuli awalo mukutambula cipego eeco.

Aboobo
kali ku Betaniya, kakkede kutebule, kwakaboola mukaintu ooyo wakajisi
nsazi iijisi mafuta aadulisya kapati aa nado muŋanda ya Simoni
sicinsenda. Mpoonya wakapwaya nsuwa eeyo akutila mafuta atalaa mutwe
Wakwe.  (Maako 14:3)

Pele
umwi wabasikwiiya Bakwe, Judasi Sikaliyoti, mwana musankwa ookwa
Saimoni ¹⁵ ooyo wakali kuyoomwaaba Walo, wakati,
“Nkaambo nzi aaya mafuta ncaataulisyigwi madinali aali myaanda
yotatwe akupegwa kubacete?” Wakaamba boobu, kuleka kuti wakali
kukombelela bantu bacete pe, pele nkaambo wakali mubbi naa kabwalala,
alimwi nguwaali kusunga nkomo yamali; wakalizyibide kuligwasya mali
aakali munkomo eeyo. Pele . . . [Yahushua] wakati, “Amumuleke
mumusiye alikke; wakabambilwa buzuba bwakuzikkwa Kwangu. Nkaambo
lyoonse inywe munikuli limwi abacete, pele Ime nsyenooliko lyoonse pe
akati kenu.”  (Johani 12:4-8)

Bamwi
basikwiiya, aabo bakali kuyandana a Judasi nkaambo kabuvwubi bwakwe,
musyobo abupaale bwakwe, bakafwamba kutobela mukonzyanyo wakwe.
Nkukalala kwa Judasi eelyo Mufutuli naakamusinsa cakubomba kumulalilo
waalidwa muŋanda yawisi, eeco cakapa kuti mpeenya aawo Judasi akanze
kuyoomwaaba Yahushua mumaanza aabapaizi. Aboobo wakayandaula nzila
yakusisikizya kuti akamwaabe katakubwene kuti ngu Judasi wacicita
eeco. Naakamanizya kulemba cakali kwaamba Yahushua kuli basikwiiya,
majwi eeni ngaakatobela kulemba Maako ngakuti: “Mpoonyaawo Judasi
Sikaliyoti, umwi wabasikwiiya bali kkumi ababili, wakaunka kubapaizi
kuti akamwaabe kuli mbabo. Mpoonya nibakamvwa boobo, bakakkomana,
alimwi bakamusyomya kumupa mali.”  (Maako 14:10, 11)

Bumboni
buyungizya atala butondezya kuti mulalilo ooyo wakalidwa muŋanda ya
Saimoni kuti wakatola busena mubuzuba bwakkumi bwamwezi, bulakonzya
kujanwa mumakani aatobela muzyintu zyakacitika eelyo nilyaamanizya
kuligwa pobwe kuŋanda ya Saimoni:

1. Judasi
   wakaswaangana abasilutwe babapaizi abasololi kuti aabe Yahushua. 
   (Langa Luke
   22:1-6.)

2. Buzuba
   bwakatobela pobwe nilyakalidwe muŋanda ya Saimoni, Yahushua
   wakanjila mumunzi wa Jelusalema kayaa kutembaulwa akutambulwa mbuli
   walupatipati ulaampuwo kapati.  (Langa Matthew
   21:1-11 a John
   12:12-15.)

3. Naakasika
   ku Jelusalema, Yahushua wakasalazya tempele eelyo naakakwabbaula
   basambazi abasikucinca mali.  (Langa Luke19:45-48.)

4. Kuli
   zimwi zinjaanji zilembedwe mumulumbe mubotu eezyo zyakacitika
   mumazuba aakatobela kunjila mu Jelusalema kayaa kutembaulwa
   akutambulwa mbuli walupatipati ulaampuwo kapati, mbuli leelyo ba
   Giliki nibaali kuyanda kumubona Yahushua.  (Langa John
   12:20-33.)

Kuti
pobwe lyakaligwa muŋanda yokwa Simoni nilyakali mubuzuba bwakkumi
abwabili (12)^th, mazuba obile buyo aceede kuti busike
buzuba bwakkumi abwane (14^th), nikwatakaba ciindi cinji
cakuti zyoonse eezyi zilembedwe mu Mangwalo , zilembwe mbuli
mbozyaacitika akataa pobwe eelyo aMulalilo Wamamanino. Eeci
ncecitondezya kuti aleendelana makanaa mulumbe mubotu muli Johani
amuli Maako.

Cimwi
cintu ciswaanganya milumbe iili mumabbuku one eeco cisalazya
kutondezya kuti kukankaminwa, ooko kwakatola busena mubuzuba bwa
Pasika, oobo bwakali “Buzuba bwa Kulibambila.”

Mateyo
27:59, 60 a 62 – “Alimwi eelyo Josefa naakamana
kugwisya mubili wa [Yahushua], walo wakuuzambaila mumulembo uusalala,
Alimwi wakuulazyika mucuumbwe cakwe cipya, eeco ncaakalipakwida
mumpako yabbwe: alimwi wakakunkulisya bbwe lipati kuya kumulyango
wacuumbwe, akupiluka.  . . . Lino buzuba bwakatobela, oobo
bwakatobela buzuba bwakulibambila, basilutwe babapaizi bakaboola
antoomwe kuti bavwiyevwiye a Pilato . . . .”

Maako
15:42 – “Alimwi lino mangolezya naakasika, nkaambo
oobo buzuba bwakali buzuba bwakulibambila, buzuba busolweda bwa
Nsabata, Josefa waku Alimateya, . . . wakaunka kakkazyikide camba
kuli Pilato, akuyookumbila mubili ookwa . . . [Yahushua].”

Luuka
23:53, 54 – ” Nkabela walo [Josefa waku Alimateya]
wakaanzula akukkomonona mubili, akuuvwungaila mumulembo, alimwi
wakuulazyika mucuumbwe eeco cakapakwidwe mubbwe, oomo
mwatakalazyikidwe muntu kuzwa nicaapakulwa. Alimwi oobo bwakali
buzuba bwakulibambila, nkabela Nsabata yakali kuzyaabuswena.”

Oobu
mbumboni bukosozya makani, buli mumilumbe yone mibotu buleendelana
kujatikizya mazuba aa Pasika aPobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena.
Mukkalenda litobezya mwezi azuba, buzuba bwa Pasika lyoonse
busikila mubuzuba bwa kkumi abwane (14^th ) bwacisambomwe
mumvwiki.

Mbokuli
boobo, buzuba bwakatobela, buzuba butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya Cinkwa
Citakwe Mimena, lyoonse bwakali kusika mubuzuba bwaciloba bwa Nsabata
oobo mu Bapaizi 23:6 bwaambwa kuti bwakali buzuba bwakkumi abwasanu
bwamwezi. Mangwalo ayita buzuba bwakkumi abwane bwa Pasika kuti,
“mbuzuba bwakulibambila.” Bantu banji babamba Nsabata babelesya
bbala eelyo kwaamba kuti mbobuzuba bwacisambomwe, nkaambo butondezya
kuti buzuba bwacisambomwe mbuzuba bwakubeleka, kulibambila Nsabata
mubuzuba butobela alimwi ncintu cikonzyeka kuti bana Isilayeli bakali
kubelesya bbala eeli munzila njeenya eeyo. Mangwalo lwawo eeni,
nokuba boobo, aamba buyo kuti buzuba bwa kkumi abwane naa bwiitwa
kuti bwa Pasika – mbuzuba busolweda buzuba butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya
Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena.

Nkaambo
buzuba butaanzi bwa Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena lyoonse bwakali kusikila mu
Nsabata yamvwiki amvwiki, buzuba oobo bwakali kwiitwa kuti “Nsabata
Mpati.”

Mpoonya
wakacengamika mutwe Wakwe, walo wakafwa akulekezya muya Wakwe.
Aboobo, nkaambo bwakali Buzuba bwa Kulibambila, kutegwa mibili
itakajaniki kiicili ampanda mu Nsabata (nkaambo eeyo Nsabata yakali
Nsabata mpati), bama Juuda bakalomba Pilato kuti maulu aabo
akompoolwe, kutegwa batolwe kooko niitaninga sika Nsabata. 
Johani 19:30, 31, NKJV

Buzuba
bwa Kulibambila bwakali buzuba bwakubeleka. Bwakali buzuba oobo
nikwakali kugwisyilwa anze kufumbwa cilaa mimena eeco cakalimumaandaa bantu nkaambo (mimena wakali mukonzyanyo wacinyonyoono,
aboobo eeci cakali kutondezya kugwisya cinyonyoono kuzwa mumuya
watempele lili mumuntu). Eelyo bana bambelele ba Pasika nibaali
kujayigwa, eeco cakali kutondezya kumbelaa mazuba eelyo Mesiya
nayooyasilwa zinyonyoono zyanyika. Aaka kasimpe antoomwe a
Buzuba bwa Kulibambila, kalilembedwe mumulumbe mubotu, pele
takalembedwe mubbuku lya Johani. Pele nokuba boobo, eeci caatikika
citupa buyo makani aatusalazyila zilembedwe mu Bbaibbele kujatikizya
caatola busena aciindi lini lyaacitika Pasika wakukankaminwa. 

Cakali
cilengwa kuti sintolongo uusingidwe kuti kalikulika akulibwezela
mapulanga aaciciingano cakwe nobayaa kumutola kukujayigwa. Nokuba
boobo, Mateyo, Maako, a Luuka boonse balembede kuti umwi muntu
nguwaakulikidwe ciciingano ca Mufutuli. Eeci tacili buyo cintu
cilikke pe camamanino cakumvwida kweetela aluse eeco ncaakacitilwa
Kristu.  Mukulanga zyoonse zyakatola busena, Mufutuli
taakacijisi nguzu zyakulinyamwida mapulanga aciciingano cakwe nkaambo
wakabucesya tubulu kwiina koona ŋonzi alimwi bwakakunka bulowa
bunjaanji ciindi coonse eeco naakali kuumwa. Basikalumamba baku Loma
bakalijanina nzila yakuti umwi muntu amubwezele ciciingano:

• Nkabela
  nibakayaamuka kuzwa mumunzi, bakaswaanganya mulombwana waku Sailini,
  wiitwa zina kuti Saimoni: bakamusinikizya ooyo kuti amubwezele
  ciciingano.”  (Mateyo 27:32)

• ”
  Nkabela bakasinikizya Saimoni umwi muntu waku Sailini, ooyo wakati
  inde ambali lyawaawo, kazyila muminzi yakali mumabalibali, alimwi
  ooyo wakali wisi wa Alekizanda a Lufasi, kuti amubwezele
  ciciingano.”  (Maako 15:21)

• “Nkabela
  eelyo nibakali kuyaa kumukankaizya, bakajana Saimoni, muntu waku
  Sailini, eelyo naakali kuzyila muminzi yakali mumbali, akumukulika
  ciciingano, kayaa kumutobela . . . [Yahushua].”  (Luuka
  23:26)

Bamwi
balembi basyoma kuti oobo bupanduluzi bwa Saimoni “naakali kuzyila
muminzi” nkwaamba kuti Saimoni wakali kuzyila kukubeleka
kumyuunda. Nkaambo kwakali kubucedo kwini, kaambo keni kanga
kabaa maanu nkakuti Saimoni wakali mumusinzo kuya ku Jelusalema ku
Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena. Mabala aakuti “wakali kuzyila
muminzi naa musyokwe” citondezya kuti wakeendede musinzo mulamfukwiinda “musinzo wamu Nsabata” ooyo wakazumizyidwe kweendwa
mumazuba aasetekene.  Pele kufumbwa naa Saimoni wakazyila
kumyuunda kukubeleka, nokuba kuti wakali mumusinzo, ilikke nzila eeco
mbwaakali kukonzya kucita boobo nkuti buyo buzuba bwa Pasika abwalo
mbuzuba bwakubeleka . Masimpe kuti kusanganya kaano aaka
mumulumbe mubotu, cintu citondezya kuti “pobwe lya cinkwa
citakwe mimena” lyakazyibidwe kwiitwa kuti ndipobwe lya Pasika.

Pele
Luuka wakalemba makani aayindene.  Kulembedwe kuti: ”
Mpoonya bwakasika buzuba bwacinkwa citakwe mimena, eelyo pasika
niwakeelede kujayigwa.”  (Luuka 22:7)  Mbuli
mbotwalibonena kuti mabala aa “pasika” a “cinkwa citakwe
mimena” kuti akali kubelesyegwa cakucincauzya, kaajatikizya mazuba
akataa buzuba oobo mwanaambelele wamuyasilo naakali kusalwa mubuzuba
bwakkumi kusikila buzuba bucaalizya bwapobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe
Mimena muli bwa makumi obile abumwi ( 21^st) oobo butobelwa
mpeenya aNsabata yabuzuba bwaciloba muli bwa makumi obile abwabili
(22^nd). Cintu citobela muli Luuka 22, mbupanduluzi
buzwide twaambo bwa Mulalilo Wamamanino ooyo ngotucisekelela
mazubaano kuti Mulalilo.  Kaambo kaswaanganya mabbuku aamulumbe
mubotu kajanwa mukaambo kakuti ooyo Mulalilo Wamamanino wakaligwa
mumawoola masyoonto buyo aakaceede kuti Mufutuli aabwe, tiiwakali
mulalilo wa Pasika wini.

Muci
Hebulayo, ci Alamu amuci Giliki, mbweenya buyo amu Cikuwa, kwakali
mabala aayindene aatondezya kuti cinkwa cakabambidwe aamimena (cinkwa
cilaa mimena) naa kakunyina mimena (cinkwa citakwe mimena). 

MUCI
HEBULAYO

Cinkwa
citakwe mimena = matzah (naa matzot kuti
kazyili zinjaanji.)
Cinkwa cilaa mimena = lekhem (naalekhemim kuti kazyili zinjaanji.)

MUCI
ALAMU

Cinkwa
citakwe mimena = patireh
Cinkwa cilaa mimena = lakhma

MUCI
GILIKI

Cinkwa
citakwe mimena = azumos (naa azumon nanka azuma
kuti kazyili zinjaanji.)
Cinkwa cilaa mimena = artos (naa
arton kuti kazyili zinjaanji.)

Kakunyina
kusiya ambali cintu nociba cili buti, lyoonse Mangwalo naambilizya
“Pobwe lya Cinkwa citakwe mimena”, ibbala lya cinkwa citakwe
mimena ndelibelesyegwa: matzah, patireh, azumos. 
Nokuba boobo, kufumbwa aawo mu Mangwalo nokwaambwa cinkwa cakaligwa
mumulalilo wamamanino, kuti bbala lya cilaa mimena: lakhma,
artos.  Aboobo “Mulalilo Wamamanino” wakatola busena
mubuzuba bwakasolweda mulalilo wa Pasika wini.

Mbuli
mbutwalibonena kale, boonse bobile Johani a Mateyo baamba kuti
Mulalilo Wamamanino wakatola busena Pasika a Pobwe lya Cinkwa
Citakwe Mimena kazyitaninga citika.  Mukampango ka 1
Corinthians 11:23 and 26-28, Paulu awalo
uzumanana kubelesya bbala lya cinkwa cilaa mimena eelyo
nakambauka makanaa Mulalilo Wamamanino ancuyiiminina mumoza. Nokuba
kuti Johani talembede makanaa Mulalilo Wamamanino, pele ugeme kwaamba
kusanzyigwa matende ooko kwakatola busena kuutaninga ligwa mulalilo
ooyo; Mateyo, Maako a Luuka boonse balazumina kuti cinkwa cakaligwa
Mumulalilo Wamamanino ooyo, cakali cinkwa cilaa mimena, aboobo ooyo
mulalilo tiiwakali mulalilo wa Pasika pe. Eeci ncintu
citonkomana kwaambwa mumakani aa Johani eelyo nainduluka kwaamba
buzuba bwakukankaminwa kuti bwakali buzuba bwini bwa Pasika,
busolweda buzuba butaanzi bwa Pobwe lya Cinkwa Citakwe Mimena.
 (Langa John
18:28; 18:39;19:14; 19:31 and 19:42.)  Kutegwa
ulizyibile zinjaanji, kobala cilembedwe Mulalilo Wamamanino: Ngu Pasika naa Peepe?

Kasimpe
kamaninizya kuganta kuti mulumbe mubotu uulembedwe mumabbuku one
wakali kwaamba zyintu zyomwe zyakacitika mumazuba ngeenya,
kalakonzya kujanwa mukaambo kakuti cisi coonse cakali swaangene
mukusekelela Pentekkositi. Kuti mabbuku aaya naakali kwaambilizya
Pasika uutola busena mubuzuba bwiindene aboobo bwaambwa mubbuku lya
Johani, nkabela eeci nicali kunyonganya kubala mazuba aasikila ku
Pentekkositi.  

Kalaafwi
kuzyokela Kujulu, Mufutuli naakabukide kuzwa kubafu, Wakapa malailile
aasalede kuli basikwiiya Bakwe kuti kabacikkede mu Jelusalema: “
Alimwi naakabungene ambabo wakabalailila kuti: Mutayaamuki kuzwa mu
Jelusalema pe, pele kamuzumanana kulindila cisyomyo eeco Taata,
ncaakaamba kuti, mwaandimvwa nceekali kwaamba ambeyo. Nkaambo ncobeni
Johani wakali kubbapatizya mumeenda, pele nywebo muyoobbapatizyigwa
amuuya uusalala kakutanainda mazuba manji kuzwa sunu.” (Milimo
1:4, 5)

Basikwiiya
bakateelela Simalelo wabo wakabukide kuzwa kubafu. Mazuba aakatobela
waawo akali mazuba aakulisinsa akweempwa mumyoyo.

Ndilyona
kwakamvwugwa muzuzumo kuzwa kujulu mbuli kuvwuuma kwaguwo pati
lyuungisya, alimwi lyakazuzya ŋanda oomo mobakakkede. Mpoonya
kwakalibonya kuli mbabo mbuli milaka yamulilo, yakaselemuka akukkala
ali omwe omwe wakali akati kabo. Ndeenya eelyo boonse bakanjilwa
Muuya Uusalala, alimwi bakatalika kubandika mumilaka yiindeene-indene
mbubonya Muuya mbuwakabazumizya kwaambaula (Milimo 2:1-4)

Pentekkositi
ndimwi lya mapobwe aciindi comwe mumwaka eelyo boonse bana Isilayeli batonkomene
ndibaali kuzyokela kuzyoosekelela ku Jelusalema. Kaambo kakuti
munzi wa Jelusalema wakazwide beenzu bazwa mumasi aminzi iili
kulaale, kali mukampango katobela waawo.

Aciindi
eeco baJuuda bankutwe kukomba aabo bakali kuzwa muzisi zyoonse
zyaanyika bakali mu Jelusalemu. Aboobo muzuzumo ooyu nowakamvwugwa,
bantu banji kapati bakabungana alimwi bakazingwa, nkaambo umwi aumwi
wabo wakabamvwa kabaambaula mumwaambo wakwe mwini. Masimpe bakagambwa
akumaninwa maanu eelyo kababuzyana kuti: “Amubone, sena aaba
baambaula tabali bana Galilaya boonse? Aboobo ino caba buti kuti umwi
aumwi wesu uumvwa mwaambo ngotwakazyalwa anguwo? Tobana Patiya, toba
Medi, tobana Elamu, notukkala ku Mesopotamiya, ku Judaya, ku
Kapadokiya, ku Ponto akucooko caAsiya, notuzwa ku Fuligiya, ku
Pamfiliya, ku Ejipita akuzyooko zya Libya kufwaafwi aku Sailini,
tobeenzu ba Juda antoomwe aba Juuda basandule notuzwa ku Loma, tobana
Kilete abana Alabiya, toonse twabamvwa kabaambaula mumyaambo yesu
kujatikizya milimo mipati yokwa . . . [Yahuwah].”.  (Milimo
2:5-11)

Ooyu
mulongo wamakamu aabantu baluzubo luna Isilayeli, bakkala mumasi
aazyooko ziindene, abalo bakaboolede ku Jelusalema kuti
bazyoosekelele pobwe lyaciindi comwe mumwaka lya Pentekkositi.

Kuti
Johani abalembi bamulumbe mubotu nibatakali kweendelana ziindi
zyamalembe aabo zyabuzuba bwa pasika, mbubuti mbokunga kuleka buyo
basikwiiya boonse, pele aba Juuda abalo bazwa muzyooko zya Kujwe,
mbubakali kweendelana kubala buzuba bwa Pentekkositi, oobo mbubakali
kubamba mubuzuba bomwe mbweenya.  Kuti nikwakali kwiimpana
mizeezo amakanaa buzuba bwa pasika, nikwakaba kwiimpana akubala
buzuba bwa Pentekkositi abwalo.¹⁶

Kuleka
kutweetelela makani aayimpene aa kukankaminwa kwa Pasika, zilembedwe
mumabbuku aamulumbe mubotu zyoonse zyileendelana!  Eeco cintu
ciimpene mumakani aalembedwe mumilumbe eeyi nceciyumya kuzyiba kuti
baleendelana nkaambo baamba cintu comwe munzila zyiindene, aboobo
baleendelana kakwiina kukazyana kuli koonse.

Kasimpe
kunyina pe nokalileba. Kuti kakuli kwiimpana, kutondezya buyo
aawo aayelede kulomya kuvwuntauzyigwa.  Muzyibaka oomo Yahuwah
mubusongo bwakwe mwaatakagwisya cintu cikonzya kuletela kudonaika,
alimwi kalekede muntu uli woonse kuti alisyomene nokuba kulidonaikila
lwakwe mwini, basyomi beelede kulisalila kuti babelesye lusyomo
lwabo, nkaambo “kuti kakwiina lusyomo, ncintu citakonzyeki
kumukkomanisya Walo, nkaambo ooyo uuboola kuli [Elohimu] weelede
kusyoma kuti Ngonguwe alimwi nkwali ncobeni, alimwi nguulumbula
boonse aabo bayandaula Nguwe camoyo woonse.”  (BaHebulayo11:6,
NKJV)

Nokuba
kuti muntu uutakwe lusyomo wafwamba kupa manjezyeezya akusampaula
Mangwalo, sicikolo wa Bbaibbele uusyoma weelede kuliyiisya
kusanyangulisya mabala (awaawo aatakwe bupanduluzi) mu Mangwalo.
Kanjikanji (kutandila lyoonse) eezyo zyintu zyitukopa nkutamvwisisya
cilembedwe kwesu kwini, kuleka majwi aa Mangwalo aalembedwe pe.¹⁷

Muciindi
cino luzyibo mbolwaindila kuzuzya nyika yoonse, atusimpe tunjaanji
twa Kujulu mbotuyaa kubambululwa akujokolosyegwa, boonse bantu
balitambidwe akukulaizyigwa kuti baliibe kulisanyangwida kufumbwa
cintu eeco ncobasyoma mulusyomo lwabo. Kuti cintu cisyomwa kacilaa
kampenda, Muuya Uusalala ulisyomezyedwe, ulakombelezya akusolweda
bantu boonse bavwuntauzya kasimpe kuti bajane luzyibo lwakasimpe
aako. “Nkabela eelyo [Muuya Uusalala wa Kasimpe] waakusika, walo
uyoosinsa nyika yoonse kuzinyoonyo zyayo, alimwi amubululami
amumbeta.”  (Johani 16:8, NKJV)

¹
Zyoonse zyilembedwe kuzwa mu Mangwalo zyizwa mu Kinga James Version
pele buyo kuti zyaambwa bumbi.

²
#4413, The New Strong’s Expanded Dictionary of Bible Words.

³
Maako 14:1; Luuka 22:1.

⁴
Milimo 12:3; 20:6.

⁵
Mateyo. 26:17.

⁶
Ant[iquities], XVII.IX.3; B.II.I.3, etc.

⁷
B.V.III.1. Thackeray: “Eelyo buzuba bwacinkwa citakwe mimena
nibwakasika muli bwakkumi abwane,” azimwi.

⁸
Grace E. Amadon, “The Johannine-Synoptic Argument,”
(original manuscript of the published article), Andrews University,
James White Library,Collection 154, Box 2, Folder 1, p. 1, emphasis
supplied.

⁹
Grace E. Amadon, “Important Passover Texts in Josephus and
Philo,”(original manuscript of the published article), Andrews
University, James White Library, Collection 154, Box 2, Folder 1, p.
1, underlined original; italics supplied.

¹⁰
Kusandululwa cigaminina aba G. E. Amadon, ibid.,p. 2.

¹¹ 
Barry D. Smith, “The Chronology of the Last Supper,” Westminster
Theological Journal 53:1 (1991), pp. 35 & 36.

¹² Amadon, “The Johannine-Synoptic Argument,” op
cit., p. 3.

¹³ Amadon, “Important Passover Texts in Josephus and Philo,”op cit., p. 9.

¹⁴ Oun “does not always furnish a strictly causal connection,
but may be used more loosely as a temporal connective in the
continuation or resumption of a narrative” (A Greek Grammar of
the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature. F.
Blass, A. Debrunner and Robert Funk. Chicago: University of Chicago
Press, 1961, 234-5).  

¹⁵
Kutegwa ulomye kulijanina makani manjaanji aajatikizya Judasi
Sikaliyoti kuti mwaana Simoni, langa muli John
13:2-3 and 13:26.  

¹⁶
Amadon, “The Johannine-Synoptic Argument,” op cit.,
p. 9.

¹⁷
Kyle Pope, “Dating Passover and the Last Supper,” Ancient Road
Publications.